How to Verify an AI Execution Record Without Trusting the Provider

A developer-focused walkthrough of verifying a Certified Execution Record using only its bytes, public node metadata, and standard cryptographic primitives. A client challenges an AI decision six weeks later. They do not want a dashboard screenshot. They do not want a model card. They want something much harder: show me exactly what happened, and prove it. Most systems fail this test. Logs can be edited. Pipelines evolve. Re-running a model rarely reproduces the original result. You end up exp...